Fundamental Rights in India Explained: What Every Citizen Must Know
Introduction The Constitution of India is not just a legal document—it is the backbone of Indian democracy and the guardian of citizens’ liberties. Among its most powerful features are Fundamental Rights , which ensure equality, liberty, dignity, and justice for every individual. These rights are enshrined in Part III of the Indian Constitution (Articles 12 to 35) and are enforceable by courts, making them the cornerstone of India’s constitutional democracy. Fundamental Rights empower citizens against arbitrary state action and ensure that democracy functions in both letter and spirit. Understanding these rights is essential for every Indian citizen, as they define the relationship between the State and individuals. What Are Fundamental Rights? Fundamental Rights are basic human rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution to all citizens and, in some cases, to all persons. They are considered “fundamental” because they are essential for the holistic development of ind...